Organic Gardening Pest Control

The definition of Organic - "noting or pertaining to a class of chemical compounds that formerly comprised only those existing in or derived from plants or animals, but that now includes all other compounds of carbon."  This means all organic pesticides are chemical compounds derived from plants or animals and do not contain synthetic chemicals.

How do you keep insects at bay without using chemicals?  There are several ways to do this that I have used myself and that actually work.

1. Companion Planting.  Companion planting has been around since the Native American times.  You can use the companion planting method for pest control as well as to achieve a better yield of vegetables from your plants.  There are many vegetables, herbs, and flowers that actually repel certain insects, some even repel rabbits and deer. Planting some of these herbs between rows or plants will help keep damaging insects away from your vegetables. Here are just a few ideas to try.  There are literally hundreds of companion planting methods.  Plant Marigolds next to your tomatoes to keep the tomato horn worm away.  Catnip, chives, garlic, onions, rosemary, basil, mint, oregano, and thyme will ALL keep insect pests away from your vegetable plants.  Some flowers that can be used are Borage, Nasturtium, Marigolds, Petunias, Chrysanthemums (dried), calendula, and sunflowers!  Planting these flowers amongst your veggies will also help!  I've planted my squash around the outside of the entire garden before because both deer and raccoons do not like the fuzzy texture of the stems of the squash plants.  Planting herbs near your plants will also help keep rabbits away, as they do not like the smell.  You can even plant some Marigolds with your tomatoes in containers!  

2. Beneficial Insects.  You can actually purchase beneficial insects, worms and egg pods from your garden centers and from online catalogs.  The most popular insects you can buy are ladybugs, praying mantis egg pods, and carnivorous nematodes.  If you buy a container of ladybugs make sure you release them in the evening when the weather is relatively cool.  If you release them into your garden when the temperature is too hot they'll just fly away and not stay in the area.  Ladybugs will eat a variety of pests from your plants and they'll stay in your garden area.  Praying Mantis egg pods can be placed throughout your garden where they'll hatch and keep pests away!  Make sure if you are buying the Praying Mantis egg pods to look inside the container before you buy them.  If you open it and there is a praying mantis already hatched, do not buy it.  More than likely they hatched and the one that's left ate the rest of them!  They're cannibalistic! So make sure you've got the egg pods in there.  Carnivorous nematodes are worms that eat other worms.  They will come with directions on how to release them.  These methods work well!

3. Make your own pesticide!  You can use some dried chrysanthemum petals and cooking oil and make an oil to spray on your plants.  I also use a mixture of warm water, natural dish soap, and hot sauce.  Shake it up and spray it using a spray bottle.  Another recipe is to use white flour and cayenne powder.  Mix them up and dust them on problem areas.  Of course there is always the large variety of pre-made organic pesticides.  They also work but can be pretty expensive. My methods are cheaper and work also!

These are just a few ways to keep your garden organic without much effort.  There are entire books dedicated to all of these methods so feel free to do your own additional research.  UPDATE: I have STILL been unable to plant my peas!  The combination of my health, work schedule and weather has made it nearly impossible!  We have a few dry days coming up so I will try again in the next couple of days.  I will blog about my planting and also there will be some blogs about my chickens!  I have the coop....and I need to make some renovations to it and we'll be in business!  Keep reading!!

Spring 2012 Update

Dad's David Brown Tractor...I believe from the 50's

Just posting to give you a quick update as to what I'm doing.  I officially gave up on the apple seeds, they never sprouted.  So I might purchase a few fruit trees this year...if not this year then definitely next.  I also want to try out some strawberry plants.  Over the next two days I'm getting a free chicken coop from a lady at work AND I'm going to plant peas!  I'm planting a stringless variety from Johnny's Selected Seeds and also a variety from Burpee Seeds.  I'm excited to get the peas planted and the chicken coop!  I believe (although I'm not sure) the coop will hold 6 chickens.  This will be a good "starter flock".  I plan on getting a mixed variety and maybe 1 rooster.  I am only using them for eggs, we will not be using them for meat, although many people do.  Another exciting thing for this year's garden is that in addition to a tractor plough, we also recently got a rototiller for the tractor!  The garden this year is being expanded once again, to about 5,000 square feet!  I can't wait to get out there!

In the photo above you can see a small fence to the left, this is where I will plant the peas. I'm waiting for another couple of days to let the ground dry out some.  You can see this is VERY muddy!  Standing water on the right.  This is only a section of the garden plot.  I did notice that there were TONS of worm tracks and holes in the ground.  This is great because the ground will be well aerated.  So all of the horse manure we put on the garden in the fall has worked out well.  I'm going to do my best this summer to document this blog with photos and progress. I tend to get distracted once the nice weather finally arrives and then I don't want to sit inside at the computer.  This year I'm really going to get that done so all of you can see how big the garden is and the progress along the way.  I also plan on doing some blogs about the chickens as well.  If you have any comments, questions or topics you'd like to see on this blog in addition to the topics I'm already including please let me know!  Thanks for reading and hopefully soon I'll have some photos of the planting of the peas, sprouts and the chicken coop!

Recycling for the Garden

For many of you, getting started with gardening might seem like a daunting task.  Starting to make lists of items you'll need to begin a garden, you'll notice how quickly the supplies can add up!  I try to do my best to reuse items whenever possible to save money and to not waste.  Here are some tips on what to save and how to use those items.  In the photo above there are a few things I have recycled specifically for the garden.  The long white plastic "tray" is really the shelf of an inexpensive set of white plastic utility shelving units.  The black item is the leftover package from some flowers that were bought at the greenhouse.  The plastic bottle is a syrup bottle that has been washed out.  Now how do you use these things?  Well the shelf I use as a "seed starter tray"....simply turn it upside down and you can put your containers of seedlings in it, when you water them there are no leaks!  The leftover flower package I have tons of these and I use them until they fall apart.  I use them to start seeds in.  Any plastic squeeze bottles can be used as "seedling waterers".  When you first start your seedlings, it can be difficult to water them without uprooting the whole seed.  I use plastic bottles or spray bottles to water.  You can save ketchup, mustard, or syrup bottles for this purpose.

Here is a longer list of items that can be reused for the garden.  Most of these things people either have lying around the house, basement or garage.  If you don't, you can get most of them free from neighbors or relatives.  Some things like the shelves can be bought at garage sales.

1. Styrofoam coffee cups, or instant noodle cups -  Use them to plant larger seedlings that have outgrown the flower containers.

2. Plastic or wooden kitchen utensils- Use these as row markers in your garden.  Get spoons or spatulas so that you can write on them with marker what you've planted in the row.  Just write on them and put them in the ground at the end of your row! Your garden will look interesting with these as row markers! You can get these sometimes 3 for 5 cents at garage sales.

3. Clear plastic cookie, cake or pie containers.-  These can also be used to start seeds in.

4. Plastic information tags from flower packs-  These are those little spiked tags that have the information about the flowers you're buying. Most of them have a blank side.  When they do I save them to mark my seedlings or seeds I've started.

5. 2 Liter Soda bottles- If you cut these in half they're great to use as a funnel!  I use one all the time for my bird feeders!

6. Gallon milk containers -  If you cut these in half, the bottom can be used to plant seeds in and the top can be placed loosely over your seedlings.  Leave the cap off and it will be like a greenhouse for your plants!  OR if you already have plants in the garden just use the top half of the container to cover your plants if the weather gets cold!

There are COUNTLESS ways to recycle items for garden use, these are just a few.  So you can feel free to be creative and you can get started for almost no money!  Good Luck!

UPDATE:  The Fuji Apple seeds have not yet sprouted.  I will keep them going for another week or so and if they do not sprout I will stop this experiment and move onto getting grafted fruit tree saplings.

How To Grow Fuji Apple Trees

I am experimenting with growing fruit trees from seed.  Admittedly I am not an expert at fruit trees nor have I ever attempted this before.  This will be a learning experience for all of us!  From what I've learned so far, growing fruit trees from seed is actually very easy.  It takes very few steps to get started.  Here is what they are.

1. Remove and rinse the seeds from an apple.   From what I've read, the seeds taken from apples bought at the grocery store work just fine.  My Fuji apple seeds are from an apple I got at the local orchard here in town.

2. Allow the seeds to air dry out for a few days.

3. Find a clear plastic container with a lid and line the bottom with damp (not soaking wet) paper towels.  This can be tupperware, or any other food container.  I am using a clear plastic cookie container that I washed out.

4. Place the seeds on top of the damp paper towels and then cover them up with more damp paper towels.

5. Seal up the plastic container with the lid and place the container in the refrigerator. 

6. Check daily to make sure the paper towels haven't dried out.

From most of the reading I have done on this, MOST of the seeds will sprout within 24 hours!  But you must leave them in their container until the sprouts are at least an inch long before transplanting into little cups.  I will keep you all updated on this!  Maybe tomorrow I will be able to post some pictures of the sprouts!  Thank you for reading!

Give Peas a Chance

OK, sorry about the bad joke in the title....I saw it on a t-shirt once.  It is FINALLY time to think about planting peas!  Ohio's winter this year has been very mild....had I been prepared for this I could have had peas, spinach and lettuce growing all season!  Peas can be planted in both containers and directly in the ground.

First let's talk about varieties.  There are sugar snap peas, snow peas, and peas that must be shelled.  You can also find "stringless" varieties...which just means that you do not have to remove the strings before cooking.  There are types that need to be trellised and bush types for containers.  You can even plant them if you have no ground space!  Sugar Snap Peas are eaten when the peas have formed in the pods, Snow Peas are usually eaten when the peas are just forming in the pods and they appear more flat.  I prefer the Snap Peas and the Snow Peas over the shelled peas.  They can be eaten raw, in salads, steamed or stir fried.  I also freeze peas for eating during the winter.

The process of planting them is very simple.  Peas like cool weather and can be planted as soon as the ground is workable.  Once the weather gets too warm they'll stop producing.  I plan to start planting mine around March 1st!  Seeds are planted 1/2-1 inch deep in the soil and covered with about a 1/2 inch of ground.  Plant the seeds about 2 inches apart to allow for plenty of growing space.  A slow release nitrogen fertilizer can be applied at the time of planting, as peas like nitrogen but do not require much.  You only need to apply the fertilizer once.  Each variety will have detailed directions on the packet.  These are general instructions.  Once the seeds sprout you'll need to protect the sprouts against rabbits and deer.  The easiest way to do this is to fence them in with chicken wire fencing.  Good luck to you!  Also begin thinking about other vegetable seeds you'd like to plant!  We're getting closer to garden season everyday!

Fall 2011 Update!

Ok, so it's been awhile since my last post.  I seem to get caught up in summer with work, and gardening and I forget about posting updates!   So here's a little update and what I hope to accomplish this winter on here!

Garden:  As you know my dad and I tried a new spot for our garden.  Due to a really wet spring we got a late planting start.  So we didn't get any peas at all.  The new spot worked out great!  We planted over 180 tomato plants, over 150 pumpkin seeds, corn, zucchini, yellow squash, butternut squash, potatoes and peppers.  I have over 50 canned pints of green beans, frozen corn, frozen squash, frozen hot peppers, tomato juice and crushed tomatoes!  I should have enough veggies for the whole winter!  The greens I planted didn't do well either.  I had a LOT of lettuce, most of which came up wild from the previous year!  So we had an entire row of FREE lettuce!  So we'll definitely be planting in that spot next year.  We expanded the size and we have around 5,000 square feet of planting space I believe.  Next season we'll be planting the veggies in different spots because of the way the sun hits that area we had pumpkin vines going everywhere.  The ground has already been prepared for spring.  We used a plough and tore up the whole spot and spread manure which we get free at the fairgrounds.  We also put leaves all over the original spot.  All of this will rot over the winter and be ready for planting in spring.  So stay tuned!  Before you know it I'll be posting my seed list (which I'll probably start making next month) and this time I SWEAR I'll post pictures!  I got a little discouraged last spring with it being so rainy that it just didn't get done.  I'll keep you posted!

Wintertime:  Ok, so I've got only one project this winter (so far).  I've done a bit of research on how to plant apple trees from seeds.  So I've got a bag of apples from the orchard here in town that I'm going to save the seeds from and try to start them here in the house this winter.   I've got both Fuji and Honeycrisp apples to try.  I think it would be great to get ALL of my fruit and veggies from what I've grown!  So I'll be posting soon on the process, and I'll take photos of what I'm doing.  Also if you have any other planting projects for me to try out, let me know!  I'll give it a shot if I can!  Thanks for reading!

Seeds Started!

Ok, I have definitely gotten a bit of a late start this year on starting my seeds!  I finally have gotten Supersteak Tomatoes and San Marzano Tomatoes started indoors as of 2 days ago.  I also just started today Swan Gourds.  This is a decorative gourd that has a long germination period.  I'm hoping that by starting them now, I should have some nice swan shaped gourds that can be painted once they've dried.

You should have already purchased your seeds!  Trust me, now things will get more difficult to find!  I had a hard time getting Kale seeds because I forgot to order them...luckily a new seed place opened in town and they've got a wide variety of things to choose from.

In the garden we've planted green onions, peas, and kale. We still need to plant the Bibb lettuce and spinach!  I will keep updating this as we go and hopefully post pics of some sprouts and the new garden location soon.  Get your plants started!!!